Effects of Misinformation
For this assignment, write a 3–to 5-page literature review on misinformation effects that
incorporate at least seven scholarly sources. The literature review will be on the role of familiarity
in misinformation. For the rest of the assignments in this course, you will then choose ONE of the
following: False Balance, Myth Busting or Retraction. Address the following within your literature
review. Ensure that each main point of your paper is supported clearly with evidence from your
sources. Under some points, there are guiding questions to guide your thinking, but be sure to
consult the scoring guide to make sure you are covering all of what will be assessed. In your
paper include:
1- Explain the psychological concepts that were addressed in the research.
2- Are there any patterns, themes, or trends that you were able to trace in your research?
3- Describe the concepts related to the theory that will be the basis for your research.
4-Discuss the value and limitations of the theoretical concepts.
5- Develop a plausible hypothesis that relies on evidence and reasoning.
Use APA-style formatting, citations, and references.
You do not need an index or abstract for this paper.
Length: 3-5 page typed, double-spaced pages.
Written communication: Must be free of errors that detract from the overall message.
Resources and citations: A minimum of 7 scholarly sources is required. Format according to
current APA guidelines.
Font and font-size: Times New Roman, 12 points.
Topic 1: Retraction
Review the materials on Retraction. Then, read the following article:
Ecker, U. K. H., Hogan, J. L., & Lewandowsky, S. (2017). Reminders and repetition of
misinformation: Helping or hindering its retraction? Journal of Applied Research in Memory and
Cognition, 6(2), 185–192.
Topic 2: Myth Busting
Review the material for Myth Busting. Then, read the following article:
Pluviano, S., Watt, C., & Sergio, D. S. (2017). Misinformation lingers in memory: Failure of three
pro-vaccination strategies. PLoS One, 12(7), 1–12.
Topic 3: False Balance
Review the material for False Balance. Then, read the following article:
Cook, J., Lewandowsky, S., & Ecker, U. K. H. (2017). Neutralizing misinformation through
inoculation: Exposing misleading argumentation techniques reduces their influence. PLoS One,
12(5), 1–17.
Possible articles of familiarity and misinformation.
Berinsky, A. J. (2017). Rumors and health care reform: Experiments in political misinformation.
British Journal of Political Science, 47(2), 241–262.
Chan, M. S., Jones, C. R., Hall Jamieson, K., & Albarracín, D. (2017). Debunking: A MetaAnalysis of the Psychological Efficacy of Messages Countering Misinformation. Psychological
Science, 28(11), 1531–1546.
Cook, J., Lewandowsky, S., & Ecker, U. K. H. (2017). Neutralizing misinformation through
inoculation: Exposing misleading argumentation techniques reduces their influence. PLoS One,
12(5), 1–17.
Ecker, U. K. H., Hogan, J. L., & Lewandowsky, S. (2017). Reminders and repetition of misinformation: Helping or hindering its retraction? Journal of Applied Research in Memory and
Cognition, 6(2), 185–192.
Pluviano, S., Watt, C., & Sergio, D. S. (2017). Misinformation lingers in memory: Failure of three
pro-vaccination strategies. PLoS One, 12(7), 1–12.
Rapp, D. N., & Salovich, N. A. (2018). Can’t we just disregard fake news? The consequences of
exposure to inaccurate information. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 5(2),
232–239.
By successfully completing this assignment the Competencies Measured are you will
demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies:
Competency 1: Explain types of psychological research methods.
Explain the purpose of psychological concepts that are addressed in research.
Competency 3: Design an ethically appropriate psychological research study utilizing
psychological theory and concepts.
Predict human behavior using a theory or psychological concept.
Describe the value and limitations of a theory or psychological concept to explain psychological
phenomena.
Competency 4: Conduct an ethically appropriate psychological research study.
Develop a plausible hypothesis that relies on scientific evidence and reasoning.
Competency 5: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with
expectations for professionals in the field of psychology.
Write an organized literature review that supports a thesis with main points that are supported by
evidence.